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Objective To investigate the status of maternal iodine deficiency in Lishui City of Zhejiang Province， and explore the effect of maternal iodine deficiency on the growth and development of infants. Methods A total of 209 pregnant women living in Liandu District of Lishui City from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected by stratified sampling method. Urine iodine level in pregnant women and iodine content in edible salt at home were determined to assess the status of iodine deficiency and to analyze the influencing factors. Their babies were followed up for 1 year， and metabolic disease screening and physical examination were carried out to evaluate the growth and development. Results The median of urinary iodine levels in 2017 and 2018 were 165 µg·L-1 and 192 µg·L-1， respectively. Both of the values met the standard of iodine sufficiency. The results of salt iodine content in pregnant women's homes showed that 7 cases （3.35%） were without iodized salt and 202 cases （96.65%） with iodized salt， including 186 cases （89.00%） with qualified iodized salt. Univariate analysis showed that pregnancy， education level， intake of iodized salt， cooking methods of salt， intake frequency of iodine-rich food and knowledge of iodine nutrition had significant impact on iodine deficiency in pregnant women （P<0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that early pregnancy （OR=1.626） and adding salt into heat oil （OR=1.874） were risk factors for iodine deficiency in pregnant women， while intake of qualified iodized salt （OR=0.593） was a protective factor. Follow-up results showed that there were no abnormalities in newborn screening， and babies of 2 women （2.41%） with iodine deficiency were short in height at 1， 6 and 12 months of age. Conclusion Attention should be paid to the monitoring of pregnant women's urinary iodine levels to guide the scientific supplementation of iodine， so as not to affect the growth and development of infants.
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Objective@#To investigate the distribution of fimA and kgp genotypes as well as the common genotype combination of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) in infected root canals of primary apical periodontitis for virulent isolates screening in future.@*Methods@#Thirty-four samples harboring Pg were selected from infected root canals of primary apical periodontitis from patients of the Department of Endodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from June 2013 to September 2015. FimA type-specific primers were used to amplify the samples, revealing the distribution of various fimA genotypes. The genotypes of kgp were obtained by using Mse Ⅰ restriction endonuclease. The prevalence of each genotype and common genotype combinations were then calculated. Pearson's chi-squared test was performed to analyze the correlation between genotype combinations and clinical symptoms and major signs of apical periodontitis. In addition, the bioflim architectures between Pg isolates with different fimA and kgp genotype combinations were observed compared using confocal laser scanning microscope.@*Results@#Among the 34 Pg-positive samples, fimA Ⅱ was the most prevalent genotype [47% (16/34)] followed by fimA Ⅰ [26% (9/34)], while fimA Ⅴ was detected in only one sample. The prevalence of kgp Ⅰ [56% (19/34)] was slightly higher than that of kgp Ⅱ [44% (15/34)]. Both fimA Ⅱ+kgp Ⅰ and fimAⅡ+kgp Ⅱ were the most prevalent genotype combinations [24% (8/34) each]. No significant correlation was found between specific genotype combination and such major clinical manifestations as gingival swelling and sinus tract of dental origin (P>0.05). Three Pg isolates with different genotype combinations were acquired. Isolate A (fimAⅠ+kgpⅠ) formed densest biofilm, while the biofilm of isolate C (fimAⅤ+kgp Ⅰ) was much looser. The biofilm feature of isolate B (fimAⅢ+kgp Ⅱ) fell in between A and C.@*Conclusions@#Pg with fimA Ⅱ was most frequently detected in infected root canals of primary apical periodontitis. The prevalence of Pg with kgp Ⅰ was slightly higher than that with kgp Ⅱ, and fimAⅡ+kgp Ⅰ as well as fimA Ⅱ+kgp Ⅱ were the commonest genotype combinations. According to the comparison of Pg biofilms formed by clinical isolates, it might be possible that different genotype combinations may lead to distinct biofilm architectures.
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Objectives:To study the clinical characteristics of myopia in children and the measures to prevent it. Methods:748 patients with myopia were analyzed by refraction examination. Results:By the classification of the causes of myopia, the simple myopia constitutes the majority. By the degrees of the disease, the number of mild myopia was the first and moderate myopia was the second. By the patterns,the amount of compound myopic astigmatism was the majority. The correction of simple myopia or mild and moderate myopia was the most effective way. Of the patients(4～14 years), the age of 12 years had the highest myopia rate. Conclusions:To pay great attention to the prevention works of myopia in grade school years. Correcting refraction exactly and on time is an effective method to slow down the progression of myopia in children.